Handling or Exposure to Hazardous Materials in the Workplace

Exposure to hazardous materials in the workplace can pose serious risks to both physical health and long-term wellbeing. Many employees in sectors such as construction, manufacturing, chemical processing, healthcare, and waste management routinely work with or around substances that are toxic, corrosive, flammable, or infectious. When appropriate safety measures are not followed, contact with these materials can lead to chemical burns, respiratory conditions, skin diseases, poisoning, and in some cases, life-threatening illness.

Employers have a legal obligation to identify, control, and minimise exposure to hazardous substances. A failure to do so can result in serious injuries or illness, legal liability, and compensation claims.

Common Risks Associated with Hazardous Materials

Workplace exposure can occur through inhalation, skin contact, ingestion, or eye contact.

The most frequent sources of harm include:

• Chemical spills and splashes – Acids, solvents, and cleaning agents can cause burns or skin irritation if not handled properly.
• Toxic fumes and vapours – Inhalation of fumes from paint, adhesives, or combustion by-products can lead to respiratory distress and long-term lung conditions.
• Biological hazards – Healthcare, lab, and sanitation workers may be exposed to bacteria, viruses, and contaminated fluids.
• Contaminated surfaces or equipment – Poor hygiene protocols can lead to indirect exposure through contact with tools or surfaces.
• Improper storage or disposal – Leaks, explosions, or environmental contamination can occur if materials are not handled or disposed of correctly.
• Lack of personal protective equipment (PPE) – Many injuries happen when employees are not provided with or fail to use gloves, masks, goggles, or protective clothing.

Employer Duties Under UK Law

Employers are bound by the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Regulations 2002, along with the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974, to safeguard employees from harmful exposure.

These duties include:

• Identifying and assessing all risks associated with hazardous substances.
• Eliminating or substituting hazardous materials, where possible.
• Providing suitable controls, such as ventilation systems, extraction units, and sealed containers.
• Ensuring the use of appropriate PPE, including gloves, face masks, visors, and chemical-resistant clothing.
• Delivering training and information to employees about the substances they may come into contact with and how to handle them safely.
• Monitoring health and exposure levels, particularly for those working with hazardous substances over extended periods.

What to Do After Exposure

If you have suffered an injury or illness due to hazardous material exposure at work, you should:

1. Seek immediate medical attention, especially if you have inhaled fumes, suffered chemical burns, or feel unwell.
2. Report the incident to your employer and ensure it is recorded.
3. Document the exposure, including the substance involved, the circumstances, and any failings in safety protocols.
4. Preserve evidence – photographs, witness accounts, and safety data sheets can support your claim.
5. Seek legal advice to explore your right to compensation.

Compensation for Hazardous Material Exposure

If your injury or illness was caused by negligence, lack of protective equipment, or unsafe systems of work, you may be entitled to claim compensation.

Making a Claim Can Help You Recover Losses Such As:

• Medical and Rehabilitation Costs
  This includes expenses for hospital treatment, GP appointments, physiotherapy, counselling, and any other medical or therapeutic support needed as a result of your injury.
• Out-of-Pocket Expenses
  These may include the cost of damaged personal items (such as clothing or mobile phones), travel to and from medical appointments, parking fees, or assistance with daily living during recovery.
• Loss of Earnings
  If your injury has caused you to take time off work—whether short-term or long-term—you may be entitled to recover lost income. This can include loss of bonuses, overtime, or future earning potential if your ability to work has been affected.
• Pain, Suffering, and Loss of Amenity
  Compensation may also be awarded for the physical and emotional pain you’ve experienced, as well as the wider impact on your day-to-day life, hobbies, relationships, and overall quality of life.

Preventing Exposure in the Workplace

Preventing injuries from hazardous materials requires a combination of effective risk management and staff vigilance.

Employers must:

• Regularly review risk assessments and COSHH procedures.
• Provide training tailored to the materials in use.
• Ensure adequate PPE and safety systems are in place.

Employees should:

• Use all protective gear provided and follow safe handling procedures.
• Report leaks, spills, or unsafe storage immediately.
• Avoid shortcuts when working with dangerous substances, no matter how routine the task.

With proper planning, training, and supervision, exposure to hazardous materials can be effectively managed. But if you’ve been affected due to failings in health and safety procedures, we can help you pursue the compensation you deserve.